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If Statements in C++

This repository provides an explanation of if statements in C++, along with examples of their usage.

Table of Contents​

Introduction​

If statements in C++ are used for conditional execution, allowing you to control the flow of your program based on certain conditions.

Basic If Statement​

int x = 10;

if (x > 5) {
    std::cout << "x is greater than 5" << std::endl;
}

In this example, the condition x > 5 is evaluated. If it's true (which it is, since x is 10), the code inside the curly braces {} is executed, and "x is greater than 5" is printed.`

If-Else Statement​

int y = 2;

if (y % 2 == 0) {
    std::cout << "y is even" << std::endl;
} else {
    std::cout << "y is odd" << std::endl;
}

In this example, if y is divisible by 2 (i.e., it's an even number), the first block of code is executed. Otherwise, if the condition is false, the code inside the else block is executed.`

Nested If Statements​

int a = 5;
int b = 10;

if (a > 0) {
    if (b > 5) {
        std::cout << "Both a and b are positive and b is greater than 5" << std::endl;
    }
}

Here, we have an if statement nested inside another if statement. Both conditions must be true for the inner block of code to execute.

If-Else If-Else Ladder​

int mark = 70;

if (mark >= 90) {
    std::cout << "Grade A" << std::endl;
} else if (mark >= 80) {
    std::cout << "Grade B" << std::endl;
} else if (mark >= 70) {
    std::cout << "Grade C" << std::endl;
} else {
    std::cout << "Grade D" << std::endl;
}

In this example, the program checks the value of mark against multiple conditions in a sequential manner. Once a condition is met, the corresponding block of code is executed, and the rest of the conditions are skipped.