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IF-ELSE Statement in C++

1. What is Control Statements in C++?​

Control statements are the keywords and judgement makers of C++, which controls the run time process of a program. These statements enable the program to decide on a course of action, to compute repetitive tasks and to determine the program’s flow according to specific conditions that may have been defined in the statements. There are two primary types of control statements in C++:

  • Conditionals
  • Loops

Conditional Statements Conditional Statements are block of statements used to execute code based on a certain condition. There are two types: if-else and Switch statements.

Loop Statements Loop statements are used to repeat certain task or a block of code. Types are: for, while and do-while Loops.

if else in cpp

2. What is the IF-ELSE Statement in C++?​

The IF-ELSE statement in C++ is a conditional statement that executes different code blocks based on whether a given condition is true or false. This is a fundamental concept in programming that allows for decision-making and branching in the code.

Syntax​

if (condition) {
    // Code to execute if condition is true
} else {
    // Code to execute if condition is false
}

3. C++ if Statement​

The simplest form of the conditional statement that executes a block of code if the condition is true.

Example​

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    int x = 10;

    if(x > 5){
        cout<<"the number is greater than 5"<<endl;
    }
}

4. C++ if-else Statement​

An extension of the if statement that includes an else block to execute code if the condition is false.

Example​

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    int x = 10;

    if (x > 15) {
        cout << "x is greater than 15";
    } else {
        cout << "x is not greater than 15";
    }
}

5. C++ Nested if-else Statement​

You can also nest if-else statements inside another if or else block to create more complex conditions.

Example​

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    int x = 10;
    int y = 20;
    if (x > 5) {
        if (y > 15) {
            cout << "x is greater than 5 and y is greater than 15";
        } else {
            cout << "x is greater than 5 but y is not greater than 15";
        }
    } else {
        cout << "x is not greater than 5";
    }
}

6. C++ if-else-if Ladder​

This is used when you have multiple conditions to evaluate. Each condition is checked in sequence, and the block of code for the first true condition is executed.

Example​

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    int x = 10;
    if (x == 10) {
        cout << "x is 10";
    } else if (x == 20) {
        cout << "x is 20";
    } else if (x == 30) {
        cout << "x is 30";
    } else {
        cout << "x is not 10, 20, or 30";
    }
}

7. C++ Ternary Operator​

The ternary operator is a shorthand way to write simple if-else statements. It is also known as the conditional operator.

Example​

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    int x = 10;
    string result = (x > 5) ? "x is greater than 5" : "x is not greater than 5";
    cout << result;
}

NOTE:

In the above code "?" refers to if-statement and statement after the ":" is executed if the if-statement is false.